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48. Rotate Image

Medium

You are given an n x n 2D matrix representing an image, rotate the image by 90 degrees (clockwise).

You have to rotate the image in-place, which means you have to modify the input 2D matrix directly. DO NOT allocate another 2D matrix and do the rotation.

Example 1:

Input: matrix = [[1,2,3],[4,5,6],[7,8,9]]

Output: [[7,4,1],[8,5,2],[9,6,3]]

Example 2:

Input: matrix = [[5,1,9,11],[2,4,8,10],[13,3,6,7],[15,14,12,16]]

Output: [[15,13,2,5],[14,3,4,1],[12,6,8,9],[16,7,10,11]]

Example 3:

Input: matrix = [[1]]

Output: [[1]]

Example 4:

Input: matrix = [[1,2],[3,4]]

Output: [[3,1],[4,2]]

Constraints:

• matrix.length == n
• matrix[i].length == n
• 1 <= n <= 20
• -1000 <= matrix[i][j] <= 1000

Solution

object Solution {
    def rotate(matrix: Array[Array[Int]]): Unit = {
        val n = matrix.length

        for (i <- 0 until n / 2) {
            for (j <- i until n - i - 1) {
                val positions = Array(
                    (i, j), (j, n - 1 - i), (n - 1 - i, n - 1 - j), (n - 1 - j, i)
                )
                var temp = matrix(positions(0)._1)(positions(0)._2)
                for (k <- 1 until positions.length) {
                    val nextTemp = matrix(positions(k)._1)(positions(k)._2)
                    matrix(positions(k)._1)(positions(k)._2) = temp
                    temp = nextTemp
                }
                matrix(positions(0)._1)(positions(0)._2) = temp
            }
        }
    }
}

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